231 lines
14 KiB
Markdown
Executable File
231 lines
14 KiB
Markdown
Executable File
~~~~~~~~~~
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_____ __ __ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____
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|_|_|_| |_| |_____|__|__|_____|_____|_____|
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~~~~~~~~~~
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**Copyright (C) 2011 - 2017 Wang Renxin. All rights reserved.**
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[](https://travis-ci.org/paladin-t/my_basic)
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[](http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT)
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[简体中文](https://github.com/paladin-t/my_basic/wiki/%E7%94%B1%E7%BA%AF-C-%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E7%BC%96%E5%86%99%E7%9A%84-BASIC-%E8%84%9A%E6%9C%AC%E8%A7%A3%E9%87%8A%E5%99%A8)
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[开发日志](http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/articlelist_1584387113_12_1.html)
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## Contents
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* [Introduction](#introduction)
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* [Compatibility](#compatibility)
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* [Main features](#main-features)
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* [Script at a glance](#script-at-a-glance)
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* [Awesome](#awesome)
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* [Installation](#installation)
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* [Interpreter workflow diagram](#interpreter-workflow-diagram)
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* [Wiki](#wiki)
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* [References](#references)
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* [Support MY-BASIC development/List of donors](#support-my-basic-developmentlist-of-donors)
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## Introduction
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MY-BASIC is a lightweight cross-platform easy extendable BASIC interpreter written in pure C with about twenty thousand lines of source code. MY-BASIC is a dynamic typed programming language. It supports structured grammar, and implements a style of OOP called [prototype-based programming](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prototype-based_programming) paradigm, furthermore it offers a functional programming ability with [lambda abstraction](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anonymous_function). It is aimed to be either an embeddable scripting language or a standalone interpreter. The core is very lightweight; all in a C source file and an associated header file; simpleness of source file layout and tightness dependency make it extraordinarily tough. Anyone even C programming newbies could learn how to use it and add new scripting interfaces in five minutes. It's able to easily combine MY-BASIC with an existing project in C, C++, Java, Objective-C, Swift, C# and many other languages. Script driven can make your projects more powerful, elegant and neat. It's also possible to learn how to build an interpreter from scratch with MY-BASIC, or build your own dialect easily based on it.
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The prefix "MY-" in the name means either literally "My" or "Make Your", it's up to you.
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## Compatibility
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It fits well on a large scale of Workstation, PC, Tablet, Pad, Mobile Phone, PDA, Video Game Console, Raspberry Pi, Arduino and even MCU; totally portable to Windows, macOS, Unix, Linux, iOS, Android, RTOS, etc.
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May be used as an alternative of something like Lua.
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**For Arduino**
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There is an Arduino porting of MY-BASIC interpreter, with a totally rewritten shell and a user manual. See [MY-BASIC ARDU](https://my-basic.github.io/ardu/) for details.
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<a href="https://my-basic.github.io/ardu/">
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<img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/87/Arduino_Logo.svg" width="64">
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</a>
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## Main features
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MY-BASIC is a dynamic typed programming language with BASIC syntax and has a very dynamic nature; it makes it flexible and easy to use. MY-BASIC offers a wide range of features including:
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* It is totally **free** to use MY-BASIC for commercial or noncommercial purpose under the MIT license
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* Written in clean **ANSI C**, source code is portable to a dozen of platforms
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* **Lightweight** (within memory usage less than 128KB), fast, and cuttable
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* With both retro and modern BASIC syntax
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* Case-insensitive tokenization, and many other indelible BASIC feelings
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* [Unicode support](https://github.com/paladin-t/my_basic/wiki/Support-for-Unicode)
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* **[Prototype-based programming](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prototype-based_programming)** (OOP) paradigm, with reflection support
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* **[Lambda abstraction](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anonymous_function)** enhanced functional programming
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* Customizable referenced usertype support
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* Collection construction and manipulation functions for **`LIST`** and **`DICT`**
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* Automatic releasing of referenced objects (prototype, lambda, referenced usertype, list, dictionary, etc.) benefited from **Reference Counting** and **Garbage Collection**
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* **Dynamic typed** integer, real, string, boolean, usertype, and other advanced types etc. with array support
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* Standard numeric functions, and standard string functions
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* Multiple source file support by `IMPORT` statement
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* Structured user customizable **sub routine** definition by **`DEF/ENDDEF`** support, with tail recursion optimization
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* Structured `IF/THEN/ELSEIF/ELSE/ENDIF` support
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* Structured `FOR/TO/STEP/NEXT`, `FOR/IN/NEXT`, `WHILE/WEND`, `DO/UNTIL` support
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* Reserved retro `GOTO`, `GOSUB/RETURN` support
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* Debug APIs
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* Customizable memory pool
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* High expansibility, easy to use APIs, easy to write customized scripting interfaces
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* Powerful interactive ability to manipulate script facilities at native side; or to use native functionalities in script, and vice versa
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* More features under development
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You may wondering if it's possible to introduce another feature to MY-BASIC, then take a look at [this page](https://github.com/paladin-t/my_basic/wiki/Is-it-possible-to-introduce-another-feature). I also write some of my plans on the [language design](https://github.com/paladin-t/my_basic/wiki/Language-design) page.
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## Script at a glance
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Come along with a usual "Hello World" code in MY-BASIC:
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~~~~~~~~~~bas
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input "What is your name: ", n$
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def greeting(a, b)
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return a + " " + b + " by " + n$ + "."
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enddef
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print greeting("Hello", "world");
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~~~~~~~~~~
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Read the [MY-BASIC Quick Reference](https://paladin-t.github.io/my_basic/MY-BASIC%20Quick%20Reference.pdf) (especially the "**Programming with BASIC**" section) to get more details about how to program in MY-BASIC.
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## Awesome
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See the list for some user creations.
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* [Awesome projects powered by MY-BASIC](https://my-basic.github.io/awesome/)
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Don't forget to share with us about your creativity!
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## Installation
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### Use standalone interpreter binary
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This repository contains precompiled binaries for [Windows](output/my_basic.exe) and [macOS](output/my_basic_mac), it's easy to download one of them and have a first impressive playground. Or you could make a build as follow:
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* Open the Visual Studio solution `my_basic.sln` on Windows to build an executable
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* Open the Xcode solution `my_basic_mac.xcodeproj` on macOS to build a macOS executable
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* If you were using other *nix OS, then use the `makefile` with a "make" toolchain to build an interpreter binary according to your specific platform
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To compile an interpreter binary for your own platform manually, please follow these steps:
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1. Retrieve everything under [`core`](core) and [`shell`](shell) folders for a minimum build
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2. Setup your compile toolchain configuration
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3. Compile [`core/my_basic.c`](core/my_basic.c) and [`shell/main.c`](shell/main.c), they both require [`core/my_basic.h`](core/my_basic.h); then link up an executable
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The standalone interpreter supports three running modes:
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* Execute the binary without arguments to enter the interactive mode of MY-BASIC
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* Pass a file path to the binary to load and run that script file directly
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* Pass an argument `-e` followed by an expression to evaluate it and print the result, as a simple calculator, eg. `-e "2 * (3 + 4)"`
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Type "HELP" and hint Enter under interactive mode to view full detail usages of the interpreter.
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### Combine with existing projects
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MY-BASIC is cleanly written in a single C source file and an associated header file. Just copy [`core/my_basic.c`](core/my_basic.c) and [`core/my_basic.h`](core/my_basic.h) to your project folder and add them to a build configuration.
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You can definitely [link with MY-BASIC as a lib](https://github.com/paladin-t/my_basic/wiki/Link-with-MY_BASIC) as well.
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For more details about using MY-BASIC when it has been integrated with a project, please see [MY-BASIC Quick Reference](https://paladin-t.github.io/my_basic/MY-BASIC%20Quick%20Reference.pdf) or read the [Wiki](#wiki) pages.
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## [Interpreter workflow diagram](https://github.com/paladin-t/my_basic/wiki/Interpreter-workflow-diagram)
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It's necessary to know some principle of MY-BASIC before doing deep customization; nothing's better than a workflow diagram to get a first image.
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A simplest setup as follow:
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~~~~~~~~~~c
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int main() {
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struct mb_interpreter_t* bas = NULL;
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mb_init();
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mb_open(&bas);
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mb_load_string(bas, "print 22 / 7;", true);
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mb_run(bas, true);
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mb_close(&bas);
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mb_dispose();
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return 0;
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}
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~~~~~~~~~~
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Some other details are issued on the [Wiki](#wiki) pages below.
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## [Wiki](https://github.com/paladin-t/my_basic/wiki)
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The [MY-BASIC Quick Reference](https://paladin-t.github.io/my_basic/MY-BASIC%20Quick%20Reference.pdf) includes most of the fundamental topics, however, it hasn't covered everything, such as the design principle, machinism behind MY-BASIC, effective practice, etc; these topics are issued on the [Wiki](https://github.com/paladin-t/my_basic/wiki):
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* Principles
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* [Language design](https://github.com/paladin-t/my_basic/wiki/Language-design)
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* [How lambda works](https://github.com/paladin-t/my_basic/wiki/How-lambda-works)
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* [Passes](https://github.com/paladin-t/my_basic/wiki/Passes)
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* [Interpreter workflow diagram](https://github.com/paladin-t/my_basic/wiki/Interpreter-workflow-diagram)
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* Code with MY-BASIC
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* [Support for Unicode](https://github.com/paladin-t/my_basic/wiki/Support-for-Unicode)
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* [Import another file](https://github.com/paladin-t/my_basic/wiki/Import-another-file)
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* [Module (namespace)](https://github.com/paladin-t/my_basic/wiki/Module-(namespace))
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* [Sub routine](https://github.com/paladin-t/my_basic/wiki/Sub-routine)
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* [Lambda abstraction](https://github.com/paladin-t/my_basic/wiki/Lambda-abstraction)
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* [Structured exception handling](https://github.com/paladin-t/my_basic/wiki/Structured-exception-handling)
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* [Multiple condition](https://github.com/paladin-t/my_basic/wiki/Multiple-condition)
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* Understanding data type system in MY-BASIC
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* [Collection manipulation](https://github.com/paladin-t/my_basic/wiki/Collection-manipulation)
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* [Manipulate an array](https://github.com/paladin-t/my_basic/wiki/Manipulate-an-array)
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* [Automatic memory management](https://github.com/paladin-t/my_basic/wiki/Automatic-memory-management)
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* [Use usertype values](https://github.com/paladin-t/my_basic/wiki/Use-usertype-values)
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* [Use prototype-based class](https://github.com/paladin-t/my_basic/wiki/Use-prototype-based-class)
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* [Define a class in C](https://github.com/paladin-t/my_basic/wiki/Define-a-class-in-C)
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* [Meta methods](https://github.com/paladin-t/my_basic/wiki/Meta-methods)
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* [Override operators](https://github.com/paladin-t/my_basic/wiki/Override-operators)
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* [Override functions](https://github.com/paladin-t/my_basic/wiki/Override-functions)
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* [Use iterators](https://github.com/paladin-t/my_basic/wiki/Use-iterators)
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* Standalone shell
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* [Extra functions](https://github.com/paladin-t/my_basic/wiki/Extra-functions)
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* Integration
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* [Link with MY-BASIC](https://github.com/paladin-t/my_basic/wiki/Link-with-MY_BASIC)
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* [Write a debugger](https://github.com/paladin-t/my_basic/wiki/Write-a-debugger)
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* [Callback](https://github.com/paladin-t/my_basic/wiki/Callback)
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* [Interop with C#](https://github.com/paladin-t/my_basic/wiki/Interop-with-C%23)
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* Customization
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* [Customize macros](https://github.com/paladin-t/my_basic/wiki/Customize-macros)
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* [Customize a memory allocator](https://github.com/paladin-t/my_basic/wiki/Customize-a-memory-allocator)
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* [Redirect PRINT and INPUT](https://github.com/paladin-t/my_basic/wiki/Redirect-PRINT-and-INPUT)
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* [Redefine int_t and real_t](https://github.com/paladin-t/my_basic/wiki/Redefine-int_t-and-real_t)
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* [Convert between string and real](https://github.com/paladin-t/my_basic/wiki/Convert-between-string-and-real)
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* [Customize an importer](https://github.com/paladin-t/my_basic/wiki/Customize-an-importer)
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* [More scripting APIs](https://github.com/paladin-t/my_basic/wiki/More-scripting-APIs)
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* [String matching module](https://github.com/paladin-t/my_basic/wiki/String-matching-module)
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* [String manipulation module](https://github.com/paladin-t/my_basic/wiki/String-manipulation-module)
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* [File module](https://github.com/paladin-t/my_basic/wiki/File-module)
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* [Inline data sequence module](https://github.com/paladin-t/my_basic/wiki/Inline-data-sequence-module)
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* [Bit operation module](https://github.com/paladin-t/my_basic/wiki/Bit-operation-module)
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* [Miscellaneous module](https://github.com/paladin-t/my_basic/wiki/Miscellaneous-module)
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* [Stack module](https://github.com/paladin-t/my_basic/wiki/Stack-module)
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* [FAQ](https://github.com/paladin-t/my_basic/wiki/FAQ)
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* [Is it possible to introduce another feature](https://github.com/paladin-t/my_basic/wiki/Is-it-possible-to-introduce-another-feature)
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## References
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* [BASIC - Wikipedia](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BASIC)
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* [Prototype-based programming - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prototype-based_programming)
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* [Lambda abstraction - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anonymous_function)
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## Support MY-BASIC development/List of donors
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I need your supports to keep this project alive. Consider supporting MY-BASIC development with a donation, if it's useful for you.
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One-off [donation](http://paladin-t.github.io/my_basic/donate.html) via PayPal.
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<a href="http://paladin-t.github.io/my_basic/donate.html">
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<img src="https://github.com/paladin-t/my_basic/wiki/img/button_donate.png" width="128">
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</a>
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[List of donors](http://paladin-t.github.io/my_basic/donate.html).
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